The Himalayas, which lie on the southern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, are located in China Tibet, Pakistan, India, Nepal, and Bhutan. The main parts are located on the border of China and Nepal. It starts from the Nanga Parbat Peak in the northwest of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau in the west and reaches to Namcha Barwa Peak at the sharp bend of the Yarlung Tsangpo River in the east, with a total length of 2,400 kilometers and a width of 200 ~ 350 kilometers. The Himalayas are also the highest mountain ranges in the world. The well-known Mount Everest is the main peak of the Himalayas, with an elevation of 8,844.43 meters. In the Tibetan language, the Himalayas are known as the “home of snow”. On earth, besides the South and North Poles, the Himalayas are also be called the “third pole” of the world, as it’s covered with heavy snow and ice all year round.
The rolling peaks of the Himalayas block the moist air from the Indian Ocean. Thus, the Southern slope(Nepal side) of the Himalayas has abundant rainfall and vegetation, while the Northern slope(Tibet side) has less rainfall and sparse vegetation, forming a striking contrast. With the increase of the mountain height, the natural scene of the alpine area also changes constantly, forming a distinct vertical natural zone. At the Northern slope, it’s plateau mountain climate with year-round snow, short sunshine time and cold. At the South slope, it’s a subtropical monsoon climate with warm and humid, long hours of sunshine, and adequate rainfall.
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