According to the National Bureau of statistics on the manufacturing industry classification standards, the basic chemical raw material manufacturing industry includes: inorganic acid, inorganic alkali, inorganic salt, organic chemical raw material manufacturing and other basic chemical raw material manufacturing five fine molecular industries. The main products include “three acids and two bases” (sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, caustic soda, soda ash), calcium carbide, triene, triphenyl, acetylene, naphthalene and other products. The upstream of basic chemical raw materials are mainly crude oil, natural gas, coal, crude salt and other bulk commodities, which are mainly used as intermediate inputs for the production of downstream derived chemical products.
China is a big country of basic chemical raw materials manufacturing in the world. By the end of 2011, China’s soda ash, caustic soda, sulfuric acid, calcium carbide, methanol, terephthalic acid, PVC and other products ranked first in the world. However, the structural and unsustainable contradictions faced by China’s basic chemical raw material manufacturing industry are increasingly prominent. It is mainly reflected in two aspects: first, the problem of overcapacity of bulk products is prominent. During the Eleventh Five Year Plan period, the operating rates of calcium carbide, ethanol, dimethyl ether and acetic acid were only 60.9%, 40%, 25% and 61% respectively. Second, the cost of resources and environment is too high. The basic chemical raw material manufacturing industry is a traditional high energy consumption and high pollution industry. Among the key waste water and waste gas monitoring enterprises announced by the state, the basic chemical raw material manufacturing enterprises account for more than one fifth. In 2013, the state has repeatedly improved the access conditions for the basic chemical raw material industry, and made great efforts to eliminate backward production capacity. However, due to stable economic growth, lack of investment channels for private capital and other factors, the basic pattern of excessive number of enterprises and overcapacity has not changed.
From the perspective of demand, the consumption of basic chemical raw materials in China has no obvious regional and seasonal differences, but there is a certain periodicity. Performance in the performance of enterprises, usually performance changes, such as gross margin, industrial sales output growth and profit growth ahead of macroeconomic changes. During the 12th Five Year Plan period, China will continue to strengthen structural adjustment and guide the optimization and upgrading of the basic chemical raw material manufacturing industry. According to the 12th Five year development plan of petroleum and chemical industry, during the 12th Five Year Plan period, China will implement strict total quantity control measures for some industries with excess capacity, striving to control the production capacity of caustic soda, soda ash, methanol and calcium carbide at 31 million tons / year, 30 million tons / year, 40 million tons / year and 28 million tons / year respectively. Encourage basic chemical raw material enterprises to vigorously adjust the product structure and make breakthroughs in the production of high-end petrochemical products such as bisphenol A, polyethylenepolyamine, adipic acid, aliphatic and alicyclic diisocyanate (ADI) and propylene oxide (hydrogen peroxide process). At the same time, enterprises are encouraged to implement waste heat and pressure utilization, saving and replacing oil and energy system optimization projects, so as to reduce emissions and improve resource utilization efficiency.
